Meter and the like



Ll? f 3 Sheets-Sheet l T. A, EANMNG, JW

METER AND THE um Filed Dec,

June 9, 1925.

for

um 9, 1925.v` 1,540,712? T. A. BANNING, JR

METER AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 29. 1923' E Sheets-Sheet 2 `I une -9,1925.

'il A. BANN!NG,` JR

AND THE LIKE METER 3 Sheetsheat 5 Filed @am 29, 3,925

Patented June 9, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,540,747 PATENT :oFFlCE.

THOMAS A. BANNXNG, 353i., W'LMETTE, ILLINOIS.

METER Affili? LIKE.

To all tolto/11, fz' may concern."

Be it known that l, 'liiouas It. Banania, J'r., a citizen of the UnitedState/e, residintlr at; Wilinette, in the county of Cook and State otlIllinois, have invented certain new and useful linprovements in Metersand the like, ot' which the following;r is a samciication.

The. present invention has to do with certain improvtnnents in meters.The invention has reference particularly to improvements in meters forshowing;r a dill'erential ratio between tivo variable elements such asthe ratio of miles traveled divided by gallons of `luel consumed or airconsumed divided by gallons. of fuel Consumed, or any other similarratio which -it is desired to ascertain.

ln connection with the l'oregoinf l will state that they instrumentherein disclosed has heen devised particularly with a view toconveniently indicatingr the mileage delivered in the operation of motorvehicles" `auch as automobiles, trucks` railway motor cars, ete., ascompared to the gasoline or other fuel eoimmnption. lirtlinarily thit;ratio is conveniently designated as miles per gallon `Qince these termshave come into familiar use; but it' will he understood that an 'far asthe principlel ol the inetrmnent are concia-ned, other ration may beindicated.

Ll (l ln this connect-ion l will algo state that the type ot' instrumentherein disclosed is \er v readily adaptable t'or indicating other ratioswhich it; in desirable to ascertain in connection kwith motor planteaauch a?. the number ot' cubic t'eet ot air consumed per millon ot?gasoline` since't.lii:'A ratio in rin lsome respecta4 a measure. otktheconipletenees ot' the combustion and etiioicnet7 ot the ma.'- t'hine. f

Still more particularlyfthe type ol' inatruinent herein disclosed is onewhich is intended to indicate the ratio between miles or other variahlc'factor and gallons or other retorted unit` on they basin` ot'pcrftn'mance exit-udine over ay sullicient.'length ot' time or asullicient amount ol tuel conrulnption sfo as to inditatx a fair averagecondition.

This ia to he distinguished from the indi! cation ot a merc mtmientarilvexisting' ratio auch as would he estahliifhcd h v a continuotn:correction of the iinitrtnnent 'trom ine-tant to inatant. ln otherwords5 the iimtrumcnt;

-herein disclosed is so arrai'mjcd that: it oorrects itself after theConsuniytion of a lire- Application flefl December 29, 192 Serial No.683,333.

determined quantity of fuel So as to indicate 'mileage or amount ofother variable factor established 'during the coneumption of this unit,preferably reduced to the liasis ot Ymiles. per gallon or otherconvenient ratio.

A further object of the yinvention is to 'ro'if'ide an ii'istruinent'which may be so eonnoted as 'to give a simultaneous indication. ofmotor'performance for not only the moet recent unit, quantity of fuel,but also for one or more unit quantities of fuel immediatelyrprecedingthe one last consumed. For example, the instrument may give anindieation of the miles per gallon derived from the last unit quantityand a simultaneous indication of the miles pergallon given by each oftivo immediately preceding unit quantities. In this way the driver willhave presented to his attention a convenient comparison ofpresentgperformance as compared to that which existed a While hack. Hecan thus see whether the operating` conditions of his motor havematerially changed during' the recent operation.

A. further object of the invention is to provide an instrument which isso arranged that. in case ot' an abnormal amount of road travel or othervariable being derived from the consumption of the unitrquantity offuel,-

proner provision will be made for accomniotlatiimr the operation of theinstrument under such abnormal conditions Without damage lio its parte.l fr further object; of the invention is to provide an .instrument ofvery simple and rugged construction and one which can be very cheaplymanufactured with relatively iew machine operatione and largely by theuse of dieecastings.

More particular "1 ity is an object of the invention to prov n,aninstrunient in which use is made of a liquid, generally colored withsome. distinctive color, so that the same will appear sharply against asuitable background such as a background of White enamel, or eelluloid,or balielite, or redmano]` or other suitable material. Usualh ly thiscolored liquid ,-'Will be exposed throne-h lasstubes which are soarranged that the elevation or position of the liquid lwithin the toben.is a direct indication ofy e features oliconof parts here1ned.

L clmfation of one ying the features resent invention; n". is a 1transverse section the instrument, being taken on hne 'Fie'. l, lookingin the direction of ne instrument; "fntal transverse section lmor" Fig.if), looking),T in

he arrows; p an view of die hase plate topumping mechanism, being e line5 5 ot Fig'. 2, looking the direction olf the arro ss;

Fig. is a horizontal section at the position el the stationary table,being taken on the liuc 1i-5 of lirf.. 2, looking,r in the direction thearrows;

'T is a bottom plan view of the turn i 'ng taken on the line 7-7 or"Fig. 2, loolrirn in the direction ot the arrows;

if. S shows diagrammatically one method .'iplicationy of an instrumentembodying; the tentures of the present invention to a motor vehicle soas to lindicate miles per gallon, the road travel connection beingiliade to the usual drive shaft for the speedometer, and the periodicactuation of the turntable being effected by a suction connection to theusual vacuum feed tank;-

lig. 9 shows partly in section a longitudinal view of a simplei"connector for deriving a. connection to the road travel as measured bythe speedometer drive shaft;

Fig. lOis a section taken on the line 10-1O of Fi. 9, loolring in thedirection of thearrou's; and

Fig. 11 is a section taken on the line =.--l1 of Fig. 9, looking in thedirection of :e arrows.

The. instrument illustrated inthe drawings includes a base member 15having; a chamber 1S of proper Vsize to accommodate the desired quantityof liquid which is used for indicating the performance being measured..Usually this liquid will take'the forni of a light oil such as a lightmotor oil, tinted or l ed with red or blue dye. The nature and e i ofthe liquid used is, of course, largely optional, and, in some cases,such liquids as mercury or water from 'other liquids may be sul tinted.Grdinarily it is desirable to liquid which may retain its freedom notbecome viscous even at the una temperature ordinarily encoun! M somecases colored alcohol will f `^1`iesirable.

'd for drawing the 16 and .delivering 'lescription of the it to theindicator. For this purpose I have indicated a gear pump comprising thegears 17 and 18 which are properly meshed together and located within adepressed recess 19 in the base plate 2O of the instrument. This baseplate is conveniently renlovable from the base member 15, being held inplace by tap screws 21. Ordinarily the base plate will be slightlyraisedz around its periphery and other sealing portions as shown at 22and 23 in Fig. 5 in particular, so that ground surfaces can heestablished, if desired, in order to ensure an accurate andsubstantially leak-proof operation of the pump.

The pump is adapted to rotate in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 5.For this purpose. the Lear 17 is provided with a Vertical shaft 2liWhi.1 ."i reaches up through the basev o the instrument and carries aspiral gear 25 at its upper end. A stand 26 also reaches up from thebase of the instrument and carries a short stub shaft 27 having acompanion spiral gear 28 on its inner end. The stub shaft 27 is shown asprovided with a. coupling 29 by means of which it may be driven by theroad travel of the vehicle or by the consumption ci whatever variable isheing measured.

The pump draws liquid through a connection 3() reaching* fromthe chamber16 to the intake side 3l of the pump. The liquid discharged from thedischarge s ide 232 of the pump upwardly through a passage fill in thebase member 15. 'As the vehicle travels along the road, the amount otliquid discharged upwardly through this passage 33 will be exactlyproportionate to the'amount of road travel.

The upper portion of the base member 15 takes the form of a stationarytable 34, a portionof which is cut away for reasons to he presentlyexplained. Immediately above the stationary table 34is a` turntable 35.This turntable has a downwardly depending stem 36 which is centrallyjourvnaled in a lug 37 carried by the base member 15. ln some cases itmay be desirable to vplace u spring 38 in suitable position for drawin,flr the turntable'ii xly against the stationary table so that the twowill he kept in sealingl contact notwithstanding "arr-infr due to roadtravel.

preferably of glass 0r other transparent ma` terlal either 1n w ole orin part. These tubes are preferab y sea-led onto the turntable in aleak-proof manner. In the particular construction'-i-llustrated,eight'of these tubes are provided equally spaced around ille mm'aole,and the kmn;a"le self is provided will), on equal mmloe' soeliee li loreceive the lower ends. o tubes. A gasket o1' washer is pfeiieiablyplaced at 'lie loe-ef emi of each who, so that Iby pressing: the tubeiliereoggziinst u per'ecly leak-proof connection is estoi)- lished.

ln the eonstrnetion illustrated illl of the tubes are drawn firmly intothe 'sockets by :l Cup plate 43 which exl'emls over all of the tubes:nfl is provided with 'sockets io receive the upper ends. A gsisleii isilnceii :iii the upper end, of eiieii `mbe order to seni ille same ifdesiredq anal to eiablisl; n slight Cushion et Dixie centrally verticalrofl Ems `its .iowfei' onli cominciai inlto leu-mame, anni ilu" upperend novciefi willi u om 4?' means of Wliieli the @up 43 is drawn lionnene expiaineai.

As ie tmntnblo is retained the zu'ies oi'e lnougzli' successively iinizoooeiiion above the liquid flisi'vlmi'ge passage At eomplexion oi" ,mehunit quantity oi" foei, ilie writable is notched over one notol so tobring e new tubeinio po ition over the 'message The .'iiui'niaible l enreste in this, position during .lie eonmlmpion of Snell unit quailM iiy'of neL (lining all of which time the liquid is rising within the habepropotionute to the Vond oi izzvel. AE soon :is ille unil; qusmi'iv offuel is completed, tlie turntable is again noteliefi over one notch, undthis' mu'ienlm fnlxe is moved around io a point of "vision envi n newtube is bron lil into pince above 'ille passage S3.

" 'u f 5 ioieiiion of The turntable in Fin, li. anni il? f conklemblodis nale 'over o poiv 'l1 Servei? lo :wel 4 liquid is @e ile elevzilionperiod oi' inl/1e ill eo that eewieii over by l'oeion of the verfille/ii lionii'l irma-li er lli anni we tlieznselvoe il In ense i'herond 'l'.rzwol "sie 01' abnormally lau-ge dm'n me eox'xsnmptlon of 4eunit quantity oi' lube sianding: above lie passage :lil wouldv becomeoverloaded 21ml might iso 'sizbjwiefi lo :auch o in-eislue ne would fiomlle perla oi' if this (lid noi; @oomtile e i ii". ,some sniieieoii iolili', sie

lily simios@ the mi mno nilow ille fil n maxon oi ii mov i o1" oiliervariable i lilo insiimnenti :1mi (loma onolie inumiiie ieel'l anni ilefiisclnufgge luone'lx an opening 30 into ie base elia/mim 1G. will imuinlesiood, iiowevei', tha the paris aire iniemleci lo be soproportioned that the tube will i'eizin @all of ille liquid for illenzixiininii lnfobziile mail ti'avel uox'izmlly ieiveifJd on o mail;quaniii of fuel so lult in the no'nlfii operation of ille instrulielioiiifi :ne ree/@lies lie spill wionsly v i: n Meli imho is e measme ofthe 2 a. or oi'i'ler wriaila Any suitable seele or indionor may lieprovided with Wl ii; liis height may be compared; bei, lie znx'angemeniilustieefi is vei'y Well adaplecl lo give enamore@ reading and alsoprovides im ni'raoive sind satisfactory instrument from. many'standpoints. This mfiafigenxent inelmles :i cellular member 51 ofgenerally circular form ami having the cells .'32 to aeeonmiodte 'thedifferent glass tubes. "Fliese cells are incomplete in 4the sense limithey are not eon'ipletely enclosed so that at leosi; i poilion of theWidth of euch mbe may be exposed to view. In some fuses, the subesthemselves i'nigiit be discentiniioiis :md Simply" sei-Je to @over oveithe exposed poi-tions of lie cella, so liai; (he liquid 'vofnhl bedirectly i'eziined within lie @elle live-fiend of being' directlyi'e'ioinerl by the 'bui/liess which are located in the veils.

This felnlaii'- memlxei 5l thus provides o.

pmiliams i'ielween 'the exposed them imo ille 'mniobie I im arming-ementfiesiieblo since il' any liquid Should oe spilled over ille spillo/nys{il} and (lownonio lle coniiel Deltion o'i'ivlie m'ni.: l1le,it wouldlie prevened from leaking.; olxtwzu'nlly lio- Lwefn ille nlies where ii,would present :xn unsightly appearance.

The desired markings oi" miles per gallon ma),T iw placed directlynpoiville fn les 53 :is is clearly Shown in flfigg", 'iiiese acne muyeither lie lireeiiy 1nmie l or 'liey muy lie coated with 'white@nonni-,i5 oi with ships oi cellnloi. sniielily engraved? or -iiezied inany oliei' con i1 nmimei: met cimes, liowevm'., il will be io lieve thementions-vii, line lieiglii; of

los)

lUfi

together with black or very dark markings thereon so as to emphasize thedistinctive appearance of the colored liquids within the tubes exposedbetween these surfaces.

5 By the use of this general type of arrangement, it will be'noted thatthe scalesand their markings always occupy a definite fixed positionwith respect to the tubes, and a position which is so close to the tubesl that the elevation of the liquid Within the has a flange 56 whichseats down against a companion flange 57' on the base member 15. Thehousing may be made of aluminum or die casting metal or stamped out ofsheet metal, or made in any other convenient manner. This housing isshown as being provided with a forwardly reaching extension 58 which hasthe slanting side Walls 59 and 60 together with a flat front ")Oilange61. It also has the top and bottom 7" portion of the turntable andrelated' parts.

portions 62 and 63 respectively. This extension 58, therefore, presentsa substantially rectangular finder through which the operator seesexposed t0 his view only a This finder is preferably of such size andshape that it exposes to view onl' those tubes which momentarily carryin icating liquid, together with the intermediate turn; table cellularsections 53 having the comparison readings thereon. This finder alsopreferably cuts oil' from view the bottoml and top ends of theturntable, so that only the effective portions of the tubes are exposedto view.

As a matter of convenience lthe extension 58 may also be recessed asshown at 6 to receive a glass plate 65 which covers over and protectsthe instrument, and also a cover plate 66 which holds the window 65 inplace and gives theexposed portion of tl e linstrument a finished andattractive appearance. The instrument may be held in place with respectto the dash board 67 by means ol a series of tap screws 68 which reachthrough the dash board and engage a block 6) on the back sidelthereof.As shown in Fig. l, the slanting surface 59 andV 60 may be convenientlyprovided with suitable markings to designate such facts as it may bedesirable to call forcibly to the attention of the driver. For example,in theinstrument illustrated in Fig. -1, the l left-hand surface 59 isso marked as tov show that the left-hand exposed tube indicates the mostrecent motor economy; and the right-hand surface 60 is so marked as toshow that the right-hand tubes indicate previous motor economy. ifdesired; a plug 70 may be provided in the bottom plate 29 as aconvenient means tor draining' the chamber 16. Furthermore, vents Tl maybe formed in the plate 413 and vent 72 in the housing 55 so as 'to allowfor equalization ol pressures if necessary.

It will be understood that the lined table 34 and the bottom surface ofthe turn ile are in close contact so as to establish a piacticallyleali-tight joint between them. lf,

however, a slight amount of liquid should eventually seepthrough betweenthee sur faces, the saine will collect in the 'p sie 73 around the lowerporti-on of the houL and will thence. return through the notoires Tetback into the central chamber i6. fairy 'such liquid will not he exposedto in. theinder and will not cause any harm whatsoever.

it will be noted tha 1 each time the turn* table is .moved so as tocarry the lower end -of the tube away from the m 'Ju llll bring thelower end of another tubo above said passage, there would be a. slightinterval of time during which the upper end of the passage 33 would besealed, The duration of this interval would depend upon rapidity withwhich the turntable turned, as well as the distance between the twotubes.

In order to reduce this interval ot sealing as small as possible, fl,have provided the curved channels 75 en the lower lace ot' the turntableand at the sides of the tube epeuings, but the channels 75 for one tubedo not reach entirely over to those for the adjacent tubes, but leaveshort intermedi A blankvspaces .76 as clearly shown in 7. These blankspaces t6 are sligh greater in width than the size of tl e. upper endoi' the delivery passage so that the"v is no possibility of ai'nomentary transfer g Y li( uid from one tube to the 'ad tu e.Nevertheless,l the interval of' of the passage 83 is iliade so smallthat to all practical purposes the delivery of liquid from it may becontinuous.

The turntable may be turiicfl in any convement manner at thecon'ipletion of the unit quantity oi fuel, and .tor that matter anysuitable mechanism may be provided i'or metering the fuel and tobringing about the rotation of the turntable at the proper time.

In the construction illustrated I have provided a horizontal cylindricalchamber 77 `in the back portion .of the base member l5 within whichchamber is placed a suction plunger 78 having connected thereto a, herirlll() ill) icc

Zontal stem T9. Said stem reaches over inte @meramente of the stm, maiiffarces ijis piiinfv x position illustrated 1n. 4'

traite-d i @i 'sgaliei with the 'imei v 'i bugie tima of isi 25vielivciy .iii

:iced tank it@ i:

91. The

vacuum 'fami i intake manif `7 v30 parts is Well previously mw inplopoi'tim. 1'. liiole. A co consists in waan the u drive slm Qa, ThisT-Cm c, 9, 10, mid ii. 98 haii/ing on ma 40 to couple um@ li i which theA? i; im

"5 duced and its 0nd parlions am so i'vliiiml gi'rcumulgiijm in iii-1rcwpiwle cluiing tix@ il that they will couple up properly wili ith@iwimsimnjiion 0i invit fili 'i'uel by iii@ motor, speedometer :ind withtlm dri s mit? wand, ineffiias 'lier indici@ W iii@ ieiin @f liquidHpectively, the only elle@ livin inw, ddii-if' 'mi Qmiijgwyed g@ the andof the muilmimneivi il iiiziim'i mbiziiw a m .fw three inches from tl'ieposeiiisii L :i mlly .v4 pics iiilxi: i0 tim ,A ed

The engin@ coimeetm uis@ iiifciiiilf: offset shaft 108 which i@ Yiwu sshaft 98 "by menus of spiral im 110, respectively. This sliiiiii.

accumulation in the receptacle lli CII

, combination of abase during the consumption of a unit of fuel by themotor, and means in conjunction with the receptacle for indicating theratio of distance traversed by the motor as compared to fuel consumed bythe motor, substantially as described.

3. In a device for displacing liquid substantially in proportion to thetravel of a motor and a receptacle for liquid so displaced including avertical tube, means for connecting the displacing means periodically tosaid tube with the completion of unit quantities of fuel by the motorfor accumulation of liquid in the tube, and return connections from theupper portion of the tube to the receptacle permitting return of excessliquid from the tube to the receptacle, substantially as described.

4. In a device of the kind disclosed, a, pair ot receptacles for liquid,means in con junction with one receptacle for indicating distancetraversed per unit oi t'uel consumed by use of the liquid in saidreceptacle., displacing means intermediate between said receptaclesoperable to transfer liquid from one receptacle to the indicz'ttingreceptacle proportionately to-the travel ot' the n'iotor, and means forinakiiugr inefl'ective such transfer of liquid after the consumption ofa unit quantity ot fuel by the motor, substantially. as described.

5. ln a device ot the kind disclosed, a ceptacle tor liquid, means inconjunction therewith for indicating distance traversed per unit ot fuelconsumed by comparison with the liquid accumulated in said receptacle,displacingmeans in conjunction with said receptacle operable to transferliquid thereto proportioinltely to the travel ot' the4 motor, und meansfor making' inetl'ective such transfer oi liquid to said receptaclealter the consumption et' a unit quantity oi `lfue] by tbe motor.substantially as described.

(i. lu a device l'or displacing liquid substantially in proportion tothe travel ot' a motor and a receptacle tor said liquid, means inconjunction therewith for indicatingT distance traversed per unit| ofl'ucl consumed by use of the liquid displaced with respect to saidreceptacle, means operable proportionately to the travel of the motor,for displacing liquidA` with respect to said receptacle, and -means Jformaking inel'ective such displacement alter the consumption of a. unitquantity of fuel by the motor, substantially as described.

T. ln a device oft the kind disclosed, the

member having' therein a chamber forliquid and providing on its upperface a horizontal stationary table. the rear portion of said table beingcut away to directly expose the chaniber, a pump in the. base men'iberand at a lower elevation than the chamber aforesaid, an intake con-.nection from the chamber to the pump, a

delivery connection from the pump to the surface of the table aforesaid,a verliefd drive shaft to the pump7 a turntable rest ing; upon thestationary table aforesaid and having a cellular structure on its upperpou tion, a vertical pivot stem reaching downwardly from the turntableinto thc base member, the cellular structure having;l a, plurality ofvertical cells around its periphery, 'I5 the outer wall of cach cellbeing cut an y on a. vertical line etI vision, a transparent tube Withineach cell,` means .tor sealing the lower end's of all of the tubes inliquid 1t fashion with respect to the turntable, there S0 being anopening through. the turntable communicatin with the lower end of eachtube, all of said openings being adapted to successively register withthe delivery openingl from the pump as the.v turntable is rotated,suitable markings oli' distance traycrsed per unit of fuel consuu'ied,on the exposed face of the turntable interu'iediate between the cutawayportions aforesaid, means for periodically turning,Y the turntable stemto advance its peripheral portion the distance between vertici cells, aboue ing enclosingr the turntz'tne and cellular structure, and restingupon and supported by the peripheral portion of the base incur ber, anda suitable sight openinga in s housing with. which the turntable. cellspeaings successively register, substanti described.

8. ln a device ot the l-:ind disci@ combination ott a J t in a chambertor liquid and providing on it upper face a horizontal stationaryYtable, the rear portion oic said table being; cui; awayv te directlyexpose the chamber, a pump in the base n'ieinbe' and at a lowerelevation than the chamber aforesaid. au intatte connection t'rouithe'chainber to the pump, a delivern-,7 ednneetion from the pump to thesurface of the table aforesaid` a verticarl div shaft to ltl the pump.aA turntable restine` upon the stationary table aforesaid having acellular struct ure on its upper the base member havine 1ereand yportion, a' ver tical pivot stem reaching downwardly 'from the turntableinto thevbase member, the celA lular structure having a plurality of vertical cells around its pcripherj, the outer wall ot each cell being cutaway on a Vertical line of vision, a transparent tube with-- in eachcell. means for sealing the lower er ,1.; lao' ot all ofthe tubes inliquid tight fasi: with respect to .-the turntable, there beino anopening through the turntable commu ing with the lower end of each tube.all said openings being, adapted to succesc Ll v register with' thedelivery opening' from the,

pump as the turntable is rotated, suitable marking-s of distancetraversed per unit ot fuel consumed on the exposed laces ol" theturntable intermediate between the cutar-fay P555 nur from the dischargeside of the pump to the diriez-ent tubes in succession, means forperiodically advancing such connection from lubeto tube, means torretaining the liquid within the tubes :ritter such advancement, andmeans for subsequently permittingthe ret-urn of liquid from the tubes tothe chamber, substantially as described.

ln a device oi' the kind disclosed., thc combination oi. a. series ofreceptacles for liquid, a central journal mounting for them and about`which they may rotate intermittently, displacing means for displacingliquid at a point adjacent to the path of travel said receptacles, andmeans for intermittently moving all of the receptacles with thecompletion of unit quantities of fuel to thereby bring the receptaclessuccessively to the point of delivery of liquid so displaced.subsrantiallyY as described.

lil. ln a device for'pumping liquid sub-- stantially in proportion tomovement of one element, the con'ibination of a plurality of verticaltubes, a source for liquid supply, a pump, .means for operating saidpump proportionately with respect to movement of said element, an intakeconnection from the source of liquid supply to the pump, means fordelivering liquid from the pump to the individual tubes in succession,means for retaining liquid Within each tube during l"val when thesucceeding tube is rcliquid, and means for subsequently pcrminingdischarge of liquid from each tube. substantially as described.

17. ln a device of the kind disclosed, the

combination oit a plurality of vertical tubes, l

means tor delivering liquid proportionately to thc travel. of the motor,means permitting the tubes to come successively into position to'receivethe liquid delivered thereby, and means for advancing the tubesperiodically with the consumption oi unit quantities of -fuel by the4motor, substantially as ldescribed. Y

'i "in a device of the kind disclosed, the combination oi"vcrtical'tulies, means for deli. iring liquid proportionately to thetravel oi; the motor, and means for connecting the delivery meansperiodically to the ditq` ferent tubes in succcssion/ with thecompletion of -enit quantities ot fuel by the motor, .substantially asdescribed.

lll'. in a device lor displacingr liquid substantially in proportion to`the travel of a motor, a vertical tube, and means for conecting thedisplacing means therewith only during the consumption ot a unitquantity of fuel by the. motor, substantially as dcscribed.

20, ln a device of the kind disclosed, a plurality of indicators,markings of distance traversed per unit of fuel consumed in proximitythereto, and means for connectintermittently, pumpingr means for -to agiven point, means -tubes m succession past said ing the pumping meansto each of said incombination of a 'series of receptacles for.

liquid, means for moving said re'melptaclesy elivering,r liquid vto apoint adjacent to the path of travel of said receptacles, and valvemeans in conjunction with said receptacles and pumping means effectiveto place the receptacles successively first in communication with thepumping means, then to seal the rcceptaCIeS, then to allow discharge ofliquid from the receptacles, substantially as described.

22. In a device of the kind disclosed, thc combination of a turntable, aplurality ot vertical transparent ltubes arranged around the axisthereof, means for pumping liquid proportionately to the travel of themotor, means for delivering' liquid from the pumping means to thedifferent tubes in succession and only during the consumption ot' unitquantities of fuel by the motor, means for retaining the liquid withinthe tubes into which it is pumped, and means for defining a sightopening permitting vision of a plurality of said tubes with theircontained liquid simultaneously, including the tube into which liquidhas been last dclivered, to thereby permit of comparison oi" a pluralityof consecutive readings, sul,-

stantially as described.

of the tube into which liquid is being` momcutar-.ily delivered,substantially as described.

24. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination of a plurality ofvertical transparent tubes, means for pumping liquid proportionately tothe, travel of the motor. means for delivering the liquid so pumped formoving the point to thereby successively receive liquid delivered atsaid point and only during the consumption ol" unitquantities of fuel bythe motor, and means for thereafter permitting vision of the tubes intowhich liquid has been pumped While excluding vision of the tube intowhich liquid is being momentarily delivered, substantially as described.

In a device of the kind disclosed, the i combination of a sight opening,a circular cellular structure behind the same, vertical transparentportions in the faces of the cells thereof, means for pumping liquidproportionately to the travel of the motor, means y for deliveringliquid so pumped to the difierent cells in succession,` and means foradvancing the turntable periodically to carry the transparent portionsof the cells into line with the sight opening aforesaid, substantialiyas described.

27. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination of a chamber forliquid, means ior metering liquid therefrom proportion-- ately to thetravel of' the motor, a plurality of receptacles for liquid, means forconnecting them successively to the metering means, and means forsubsequently permitting return of liquid from .them to the chamberaforesaid, substantially as described. l Y

28. In a device of the kind'disclosed, the combination of a chamber forliquid, means for metering liquid therefrom proportionately to thetravelA of the motor, a plurality of receptacles for liquid so metered,

means .tor causing delivery of liquid from the metering means to thereceptacles in succession., and means permitting overflow ci li uid fromeach receptacle4 back to the chanilier during the interval it isconnected to the metering means to thereby compensate for overmeteringinto any receptacle due to excessive motor travel during the interval ofconnection to the pumping means, substantially as described.

29. The combination with the speedometer driveshaft and the vacuum. fuelfeedi tank of a motor driven vehicle, of an'instrument ltorymetering.liquid in proportion to the road travel of the vehicle, said instrument(lil including a receptacle for liquid, means for metering liquid, aconnection from the speedometer drive shaft to said metering means,means for delivering liquid from the metering means to the receptacle,means for indicating distance traversed per unit of' fuel consumed byuse of liquid accumulated in said receptacle bysaid metering means, andmeans for makingineifective the delivery means upon av dumping of vthevacuum feed tank, substantially as de scribed.

30. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination of a plurality ofindicating devices each operable toshow ratio of one variable comparedto another variable, means for intermittently moving saidv devices pasta common point, and for simultaneous presentation of a plurality of saiddevices to vision, and means for successively cessive ratios of thefirst variable compared to the second variable for successive unitquantities of the second variable, substantially as described.

31. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination of a plurality ofindicating devices each operable to show ratio of one variable comparedto another variable, .means for simultaneous presentationof a 'pluralityof said devices to vision, `and 'lineans for successively causing saiddevices ,/to indicate the successive ratios of the iirst variablecompared to the second variable for successive unit quantities of thesecond variable, substantially as described.

32. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination of a plurality ofindicating devices each operable to show ratio of one variable comparedt another variable, and means for successively causing said devices toindicate correctly the successive ratios of the first variablecompared-to the second, variable for successive unit quantities of thesecond variable, substantially as described.

33. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination 'of anvindicating device operabie to show ratio of one variable compared tcanother variable, by use of liquid, means for metering said liquidsubstantially in proportion to one variable, and suitable valveconnections between said metering causing .said devices to indicate thesuc-t los substantially in proportion to total volume p of liquidmetered during the consumption of a unit amount of the other variable,substantially as described.

34. In a device of the kind disclosed, the combination of an indicatingdevice operable to showvratio of one variable compared to anothervariable, metering means for metering liquid substantially in proportionto one variable, and suitable connections between said meterin means and-said indicating means opera le to cause the indicating means toindicate substantially in proportion to quantity of liquid meteredduring the consumption vof a unit amount of the other variable,substantially described.

. THOMAS A. BANNIE'y JR.

